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Passive Voice and Active Voice

Passive VS Active Voice
Introduction
1) In sentences written in the active voice, the subject performs the action. In sentences written in the passive voice, the subject receives the action.

I wrote a book. (Active Voice)
That book was written by me. (Passive Voice)


2) The passive form is made up of the verb to be and the past participle. Depending on the tense, the form of the verb to be can change.

The dinner is being cooked. (Present Continuous)
The dinner was cooked. (Past Simple)
The dinner has been cooked. (Present Perfect)

The passive voice is usually used:
a) to emphasize the action rather than the person or thing performing it.

The decision has been made.

b) to avoid mentioning the person or thing performing the action.

The rumours have been spreading at the office. (Either you know who spreads the rumours or you are not sure who does that.)

c) to describe a situation where the subject is not important.

Up to 7 billion tress are being cut down every year.


d) to give instructions, set rules etc.

Smoking is prohibited.
Anyone under the age of 18 is not allowed in any bar.

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